He Teka Te Mahere: Te Wewete i te Mātai Mahere o te Tango i Roto i te Whakapapa Inaki

I roto i ngā rau tau e whā kua hipa, kei te whakahaere te kāwanatanga tangata i runga i tētahi pūnaha whakahaere kino. He pūnaha tēnei i hangaia i runga i ngā rārangi kua tuhia puta noa i ngā whenua, te tohu i ngā rauwiringa kaiao ora ki roto i ngā pūkete rawa, me tētahi pukapuka hokohoko e titiro ana ki te whenua hei paipa tangohanga mutunga kore.

Kua takuhia e tātou te motu-kāwanatanga hei ture taiao e kore e taea te whakarereke, ā, nā tērā, kua hanga e tātou tō tātou mate anō.

Ina kīkī katoa ngā tūāpapa tōrangapū o nāianei i ngā whakahōutanga ture, i ngā whāinga kaweake takirua rānei, kei te whakatikatika noa iho rātou i ngā tautuhinga o tētahi mīhini kua pakaru. Kia ora ai i te rau tau e haere mai nei, kāore e hiahiatia he kaupapa here pai ake; e hiahiatia ana he whakahōutanga o te ao tūpori. Me whakarere e tātou ngā pakiwaitara takekore a te tangata whenua o nāianei—tae atu ki te pakiwaitara matua o te "Global South"—ā, me hanga anō te kāwanatanga o te ao mā tētahi tirohanga kore-tangata, koiora.

Kia tutuki ai tēnei, kāore e hiahiatia kia waihangahia he rapunga whakaaro hou. Kua noho kē te hoahoanga mō te oranga i roto i ngā mātāpono o te tikanga Māori, e tuku ana i tētahi anga hōhonu, pūnaha mō te kaha o te aorangi.

Te Pohewa Mahere Whenua

Ko te mahere matawhenua o nāianei ehara i te whakaaturanga o te ao; he mahere tēnei mō te tangohanga. I hoahoatia ngā rohe ki te wehewehe, ki te hokohoko, ki te whakahaere i te rerekētanga. Ko te ariā tonu o te "Global South" he hanganga matawhenua i hangaia hei pupuri i te mana ohaoha o te "Global North," e whakaheke ana i ngā ao tūpori me ngā rauwiringa koiora uaua, ora, manawa ki ngā wāhi kotinga rawa me ngā kaimahi iti.

Mai i te tirohanga tikanga, ko tēnei tirohanga mahere whenua he takahi nui i te whanaungatanga—te hononga o ngā mea katoa. Ka wehewehe ngā mahere tuku iho i ngā hononga i waenga i te maunga (maunga), te awa (awa), me te moana (moana). Ka whakakapi rātou i te hoahoanga ora o te aorangi ki tētahi mātiti āhuahanga e tatari ana kia pai ake te taha pūtea.

Ina kāwanatanga tātou i te ao pēnei i tētahi pūkete rawa, ka whakahekea e tātou te kirirarautanga ki tētahi tūnga whakahaere, me te taiao ki tētahi pūkete pūtea.

Ko te Whakapapa te Anga Whakahaere Matua

Kia turakina ai tēnei paipa tango rawa, me whakakapi e tātou te mahere ki te whakapapa.

I roto i ngā tikanga o te Hauāuru, he hitori tangata raina te whakapapa. I Te Ao Māori (te tirohanga Māori), ko te whakapapa te ipurangi tino, āhuahanga maha o te ao. Ka mahere tō tātou whakapapa ehara i te mea ki ngā tūpuna tangata anake, engari ki ngā ngahere, ngā moana, me te ao anō. He hononga "quantum" e kore ai te tangata te kaitukituki matua, te rangatira rānei o te mana, engari he teina ki te ao tūroa.

Mēnā ko te whakapapa te pūnaha whakahaere, ko te kaitiakitanga (te tiaki kaha, whakatupuranga) te kawa. Kāore e taea te ine i te kāwanatanga tūturu ki roto i ngā huringa pōti e toru tau, ki te tipu GDP ia toru marama rānei. Me ine ki te tiaki i te mauri—te kaha ora nui e noho ana i roto i ngā mea katoa. Ina whakahekea e tētahi kaupapa here ohaoha te mauri o tētahi awa, ka whakahekea te mauri o te iwi. He mea kore e taea te wehewehe i te taha koiora me te taha pūnaha.

Te Hoatu Tūru ki Ngā Momo Whakakapi i te Ripanga Poari Whakahaere

Kua mutu te wā o te tangata matua. Ko te pukapuka koiora e kī ana me whakawhānuihia e tātou tō tātou whakamāramatanga o ngā hunga whai wāhi ki te kiko koiora e tautoko ana i te ao.

Ehara tēnei i te kupu whakarite. Mēnā ka taea te hoatu tūnga tangata ture ki ngā kaporeihana hei tiaki i te pūtea, me hoatu tūnga tangata ture ki ngā rauwiringa kaiao hei tiaki i te ora. Me whakauru e tātou ngā momo whakakapi—ngā kararehe kai kiko, ngā ngārara ruinga, ngā tipu matua—ki roto i ā tātou anga kaihautū o te ao. Me huri te kāwanatanga mai i te "whakahaere rawa" ki te mana rangatiratanga tahi me te koiora.

Kua whakatakotoria kē e Aotearoa te kaupapa ture mō tēnei huringa paradigm. Nā te whakanui i te Awa o Whanganui me te ngahere o Te Urewera hei rōpū ora, kore e taea te wehewehe me ō rātou mana ture, kua whakaatu tātou ehara i te mea ka taea noa te whakauru i te tikanga ki roto i te ture o nāianei; koia anake te huarahi e taea ai te haere whakamua.

He Ngākau Nui Maha-Momo

Kei tētahi wāhanga hira tātou. I te wā e titiro ana te kaihautū o te ao ki te aorangi hei manaaki, ka kaha tonu tātou ki te tere i tō tātou heke.

Kua tae te wā ki te mutu te whiriwhiri me tētahi pūnaha tawhito. Me whakakore e tātou ngā rohe mōhio kore o te hinengaro tango rawa, me whakakahore i te āhua hokohoko o te kāwanatanga o nāianei, me whakahoki anō te whakapapa o te tiaki. Ko te anamata o te kāwanatanga o te ao ehara i te tōrangapū o te mahere; nō ngā kaitiaki o te mauri.

Ngā Tohutoro me Ngā Kaupapa Tūāpapa

Hei tautoko i te whakawhitinga mai i te paradigm ariā ki te whakatinanatanga pūnaha, ko ngā anga me ngā kaupapa ture e whai ake nei e whakaatu ana i te taea o te kāwanatanga koiora i te ao tūturu:

1. Te Awa Tupua (Whanganui River Claims Settlement) Act 2017 (Aotearoa): He ture kāore anō kia kitea i te ao e hoatu ana i ngā mana ture, ngā mahi, me ngā taunahatanga ki te Awa o Whanganui hei tangata ture, e tino huri ana i te awa mai i te "rawa" ki te tūpuna ora.

2. Te Urewera Act 2014 (Aotearoa): He ture i tangohia te rohe o Te Urewera mai i te tūnga papa whenua ā-motu, ā, i whakanuia hei hinonga ture me "ngā mana katoa, ngā kaha, ngā mahi, me ngā taunahatanga o tētahi tangata ture," i whakahaerehia ngātahitia e Tūhoe me te Karauna.

3. Te Kaupapa Ture o te Ao: I whakatūria e ngā tohunga pēnei i a Thomas Berry me Cormac Cullinan (Wild Law), e tohe ana ka taea anake te ora o ngā hapori tangata mēnā ka mahi rātou i runga i ngā ture o te hapori o te Ao whānui, e wero ana i te tūāpapa tangata o te ture o nāianei.

4. Te Kaupapa Harmony with Nature a te Kotahitanga o Ngā Whenua o te Ao: He kōrero me te anga o te UN e tautoko ana i te ture e arotahi ana ki te Ao, e tohe ana ki te huri mai i te ōhanga tango rawa, tangata-matua ki tētahi e whakaute ana i te uara o roto me ngā mana o te ao tūroa (ngā whakataunga a te Runanga Nui o te UN, 2009–nāianei).

5. Te Arotake a Dasgupta mo te Ōhanga o te Rerekētanga Koiora (2021): He arotake motuhake, o te ao i tonoa e te Pūtea o te UK e tino tohe ana kei runga rawa ō tātou ōhanga, ngā huarahi oranga, me te oranga i runga i te taiao, e hiahia ana ki tētahi huringa nui o te ine i te angitu ohaoha i tua atu o te GDP ki te whakauru i te pūtea taiao.